In Milgram’s famous study, participants were persuaded to el…

In Milgram’s famous study, participants were persuaded to electrically shock another person and cause what they believed to be great pain, simply because they were asked to do so by the researcher. Although the behavior of the participants was surprising, it would be an oversimplification to conclude that

Many kinds of ions are found both inside cells and in the ex…

Many kinds of ions are found both inside cells and in the extracellular fluid, but the resting membrane potential is determined maily by the concentration gradient of ______________________ and the differential permeability of the plasma membrane to it and other ions.