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10 year old male with no PMH, vaccination up to date reports…

10 year old male with no PMH, vaccination up to date reports acute onset of left testicular pain that started 2 hours ago while playing baseball.  The child denies any known injury, but the pain has been constant with no alleviating factors.  Patient denies difficulty urinating, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting or diarrhea.  No recent illness as per parents.  On exam, the patient is moderate painful distress.  Left testicle with erythema, swelling and tenderness on palpation.  Right testicle appears normal and with no pain.  Penis with no deformities, lesions or tenderness.  Otherwise, exam is unremarkable.  VS: BP: 115/65 mmHg Rt arm sitting; HR:70 bpm, T: 98.6F oral, RR: 16 bpm unlabored. Please provide differential diagnosis for this presentation (list at least 5) AND what imaging would be indicated for this case.

25 year old female with a history of obesity but no other PM…

25 year old female with a history of obesity but no other PMH reports irregular menstrual periods and an inability to conceive.  The patient reports she gets her periods only few times a year.  Each menstruation typically last for a few weeks.  Last LMP was few months ago.  The patient also reports she has been trying to get pregnant for about 6 months with no luck.  The patient denies any recent significant weight loss or weight gain.  On exam, patient is no distress.  She is significantly overweight.  (+) visible facial hair.  Skin is significant for diffuse acne.  On pelvic exam: cervix is closed with no lesions, uterus non-tender, no adnexal masses, no pelvic motion tenderness.  Otherwise, exam is unremarkable.  VS: BP: 120/70 mmHg Rt arm sitting; HR:70 bpm, T: 98.6F oral, RR: 16 bpm unlabored. Please provide differential diagnosis for this presentation (list at least 5) AND what imaging would be indicated for this case.