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​Cohort effects are most likely to be a problem when it is difficult to separate the effects of developmental  processes from ____ when examining age effects across a wide range of ages.

​Stranger _______________ first emerges around six months of age, when children demonstrate anxiety when in the presence of unfamiliar people.

​Wilma is afraid of the pain involved in delivering her baby. Are childbirth classes likely to help her?

​Which type of measure is usually highly specific and thus cannot be applied broadly?

​Which of the following describes one of the reasons why stress hormones that are elevated in women who are highly anxious during pregnancy can negatively impact the baby?

​Jeanette is concerned about getting pregnant with her husband, because she is afraid that she will pass on her recessive gene for a sickle cell disease and that her child will develop this condition. Based on what you know about the principles or dominant and recessive inheritance, what would you advise Jeanette?

​In an experiment, the independent variable is the behavior that is being

Prenatal development, brain maturation, puberty, and menopause are all examples of ____ forces.​

​To help children learn the difference between the roles of speaker and listener in a conversation, adults should encourage ____ soon after children begin to speak.

​Martika is an accomplished businesswoman, and has decided to retire at the age of 53 years. She has begun taking cello lessons, something in which she has always been interested. While her friends keep telling her that it is too late for her to learn such a complex skill, she has started getting rather good on her instrument. Martika’s midlife development of a new skill demonstrates