A 55-year-old man with metastatic prostate cancer and painfu…

A 55-year-old man with metastatic prostate cancer and painful vertebral lesions is started on zoledronic acid infusions to reduce skeletal-related events. His medications include leuprolide for androgen deprivation and calcium/vitamin D supplements. Two weeks after his first infusion, he reports perioral tingling and muscle cramps. On exam, he has a positive Chvostek’s sign. Which laboratory parameter is most important to monitor in this patient? 

A 66-year-old man with a history of rheumatoid arthritis con…

A 66-year-old man with a history of rheumatoid arthritis controlled on methotrexate presents with fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Chest x-ray reveals a left lower lobe pneumonia. He is stable for outpatient management. Which action is most appropriate regarding his immunosuppressive therapy? 

A 52-year-old woman presents with severe vasomotor symptoms…

A 52-year-old woman presents with severe vasomotor symptoms including hot flashes and night sweats that interfere with her sleep and quality of life. She underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy 10 years ago for fibroids. She has no history of thromboembolic disease, breast cancer, or cardiovascular disease. BMI is 24, blood pressure 122/76, and mammogram is normal. She requests hormone therapy after conservative measures failed. Which regimen is most appropriate? 

A 70-year-old woman with postmenopausal osteoporosis is unab…

A 70-year-old woman with postmenopausal osteoporosis is unable to tolerate oral alendronate due to severe esophagitis despite appropriate administration (upright posture, fasting intake). Her history includes stage 3 chronic kidney disease (eGFR 45 mL/min) and prior vertebral compression fracture. She continues calcium and vitamin D supplementation. Which pharmacologic alternative is most appropriate for secondary fracture prevention?