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What kind of article is the following abstract from: The study compared the efficacy and safety of various biologics in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. The PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched. Two independent reviewers screened the studies, extracted the data, and performed a quality assessment using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Ten placebo-controlled RCTs were included comparing 4 biologics. Dupilumab demonstrated superior long-term efficacy compared to the other 3 biologics. Dupilumab showed improvements in the Nasal Polyp Score of 1.84 (95% CI 0.78, 2.91) compared to mepolizumab and 2.31 (95% CI 0.99, 3.63) compared to benralizumab.

Which of the following statements about a pharmacoepidemiologic study using a case-control design is TRUE. 

You are preparing a journal club presentation on a randomized controlled trial that compares a new controller medication for COPD to standard of care. You are using a critical appraisal tool to organize your discussion. Which of the statements describe aspects of this study which could decrease internal validity? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

An investigator conducts a study comparing lowopril (a new ACE-inhibitor) to lisinopril in patients with uncontrolled hypertension. The NI margin for systolic blood pressure is set at 6 mmHg. Lowopril lowered systolic blood pressure by 6.1 mmHg and lisinopril lowered by 7.8 mmHg. The difference in blood pressure lowering was 1.7 mmHg (95%CI 0.1 to 3.3). Describe the appropriate interpretation of the results in the context of the NI margin.

An observational study design is used to study the effectiveness of Drug A and Drug B in lowering blood pressure among patients with hypertension. The results section of a manuscript describing the study states, “The adjusted odds ratio of having blood pressure reduced to the population benchmark value was 0.67 for Drug B relative to Drug A.” Which of the following observational study designs was most likely used for this study and which choice has the correct interpretation of the odds ratio for Drug B?

Which of the following statements is most accurate for the interpretation of these results?

In lecture we reviewed an example of a cohort study design evaluating the incidence of gout from two drug classes to manage type-2 diabetes. Which of the following statements about the cohort study design used in that analysis is FASLE?

You are the night shift lead therapist at a small, critical access hospital. A staff RN calls you stating that the heated high flow O2 system on her patient is not providing the set FiO2. Before you take the O2 analyzer to check the equipment, you realize it has not been calibrated in some time. Which of the following states the correct calibration method?

Which of the following lung diseases would exhibit decreased lung compliance and result in lower volumes and capacities in pulmonary function testing?

Spirometry quality control includes daily calibration, excellent coaching, and ______________________________.