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b) Multiple-choice question: Consider a straight coupon bond and a deferred coupon bond with a remaining maturity of five years from the same issuer. Both bonds pay the same 5% annual coupon, but the deferred coupon bond starts paying interest only in three years. The issuer has no default risk. The risk-free rate is 3% p.a. for all maturities. Please select all correct statements about the two bonds’ prices and yields (as of today). (2 points)

Problem 6: Miscellaneous topics including IPO filing, IPO activity and underpricing, risk-return relation, capital budgeting, and capital structure (19 points) b) The attached figure shows the average first-day return and the number of IPOs in Canada for each year from 1980 to 2024 (IPOs-Canada.pdf). The average first-day return is indicated by the green line (right y-axis), while the number of IPOs is displayed by the blue bars (left y-axis). How did the number of firms going public in Canada evolve over time? How did the underpricing evolve over time? Compared to other countries, are Canadian IPOs, on average, fairly priced? (4 points)

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Problem 6: Miscellaneous topics including IPO filing, IPO activity and underpricing, risk-return relation, capital budgeting, and capital structure (19 points) d) Charline, a colleague of yours, argues that issuing more debt and repurchasing equity has two negative effects on the firm’s equity holders. First, it increases the risk of equity holders’ shares and equity holders cannot offset this increase in risk. Second, the overall payout to security holders will decrease, which will reduce overall firm value. Assume that (1) you are in a world where the corporate tax rate is larger than zero, that (2) interest payments are tax deductible, and that (3) the firm’s pre-tax cash flow is not affected by how it is financed. Please discuss Charline’s two arguments critically. Do you agree with her? Explain your answer. (4 points)

b) Multiple-choice question: Consider a straight coupon bond and a deferred coupon bond with a remaining maturity of five years from the same issuer. Both bonds pay the same 5% annual coupon, but the deferred coupon bond starts paying interest only in three years. The issuer has no default risk. The risk-free rate is 3% p.a. for all maturities. Please select all correct statements about the two bonds’ prices and yields (as of today). (2 points)

What is the formula for frequency?

Problem 6: Miscellaneous topics including IPO filing, IPO activity and underpricing, risk-return relation, capital budgeting, and capital structure (19 points) b) The attached figure shows the average first-day return and the number of IPOs in Canada for each year from 1980 to 2024 (IPOs-Canada.pdf). The average first-day return is indicated by the green line (right y-axis), while the number of IPOs is displayed by the blue bars (left y-axis). How did the number of firms going public in Canada evolve over time? How did the underpricing evolve over time? Compared to other countries, are Canadian IPOs, on average, fairly priced? (4 points)

f) Single-choice question: If a project requires an initial investment of $600,000 and is expected to generate cash flows of $150,000 per year for the first three years and $180,000 per year for years four and five, what is the payback period? Please select the correct solution. (1 point)

g) Multiple-choice question: This question is about covenants of debt instruments like loans and bonds. Please select all correct statements. (2 points)  

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