hypоventilаtiоn blueness оf skin due to poor circulаtion or inаdequate oxygenation of blood apnea dyspnea when not standing or sitting erect hyperventilation hypertrophy, potential failure of right side of heart; obstruction of pulmonary circulation eupnea deficiency of oxygen or the inability to utilize oxygen in a tissue respiratory arrest permanent cessation of breathing (unless medical intervention) hypoxia reduced pulmonary ventilation tachypena increased pulmonary ventilation in excess of metabolic demand dyspnea temporary cessation of breathing orthopnea collapse of part or all of a lung Kussmaul respiration relaxed quiet breathing cor pulmonale labored, gasping breathing; shortness of breath cyanosis abnormal collection of air in the pleural space, causes lung to collapse atelectasis accelerated respiration pneumothorax rapid breathing induced by acidosis; seen in diabetes mellitus