Use the text below to answer questions 12-13: Jonah is Aleja…

Use the text belоw tо аnswer questiоns 12-13: Jonаh is Alejаndro’s 16-year-old son. Jonah is allowed to take the family car to school rather than riding the bus 3 days a week. Jonah really prefers to take the car because he can sleep an extra 30 minutes (as compared to when he has to take the bus). Lately, Jonah has been avoiding the chores he is supposed to do around the house. Alejandro would like to decrease this tendency. He tells Jonah that every time he does not do one of his assigned chores, he will lose one of his days of taking the car to school. He finds that after instituting this rule, Jonah has stopped avoiding his chores. In this example, Alejandro has used _________ to alter Jonah’s behavior.