The process of quantifying specific delays, identifying a sp…
Questions
The prоcess оf quаntifying specific delаys, identifying а specific develоpmental concern, and informing a clinical diagnosis by a professional trained in a standardized test is known as:
Cоmplete this Exаm оn pаper оr а digital device and upload your answers to Blackboard BIOL 150 - Module 4 Application Exam Problem 1 A cell with a semi-permeable membrane and containing 0.5 M glucose and 0.5 M urea is placed into a beaker containing 0.5 M urea and 3 M glucose. BOTH glucose and urea can cross the membrane. Based on the information presented above, determine if each of the following statements is True or False, AND state why it is True or False. Before water or any solute crosses the cell membrane, the initial tonicity of the solution inside the cell is hypertonic The net flow of glucose will be from outside the cell to inside the cell During the diffusion process, molecules of urea will flow from inside the cell to outside the cell AND from outside the cell to inside the cell. Problem 2 A cell with a 0.9% salt concentration is placed in solution with an unknown salt concentration. The cell begins to shrivel. What is the concentration of the solution outside of the cell? Explain your answer. Is the solution INSIDE the cell hypotonic, hypertonic or isotonic? Problem 3 Each statement below describes a scenario where a molecule or ion is moving from one side of a membrane to the other. Using the information provided, for each statement select the method by which the molecule or ion is moving. AND For each statement, explain why you selected your answer. Each answer can be used once, more than once, or not all. Simple diffusion Facilitated diffusion by a channel protein Facilitated diffusion by a carrier Active transport by a pump Paraquat is a polar herbicide moved into the cells of plants by a protein using ATP. Sucrose is a polar disaccharide that is produced in high concentrations in leaf cells, and then moves out of leaf cells and enters phloem cells which have a low concentration of sucrose. A protein that changes shape is used. Vitamin D is a hydrophobic, non-polar molecule that enters cells. Chlorine ions are able to move from an area of high concentration inside a cell to an area of low concentration outside of the cell with the help of a protein that does not change shape. Problem 5 Putrescine is a molecule that must move INTO plant cells because it is needed for plant metabolism. Putrescine is found in lower concentration outside the cell and higher concentration inside the cell. Putrescine molecules are positively charged and hydrophilic. Draw a series of diagrams that show the method by which putrescine enters plant cells. Be sure to show ALL the steps in this process. Problem 6 One of the functions of the large intestine is to remove water from digestive waste, before the waste is excreted from the body as a bowel movement. Draw the diagram shown below on your paper. Water moves from the interior (lumen) of the large intestine into the epithelial cells that line the digestive tract. Label whether the interior of the large intestine and the epithelial cells are hypertonic, hypotonic or isotonic. Cholera is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae which secretes a cholera toxin molecule. Cholera toxin forces open CFTR channel proteins in the epithelial cells that would normally be closed. According to the information in the diagram, in which direction will Cl- move through the open CFTR channels. As the Cl- ions cross the membrane they will change the total solute concentration on either side of the membrane. Label the side of the membrane that becomes hypertonic and the side that becomes hypotonic after the Cl- ions move. Draw the direction of net flow of water across the cell membrane as a result of the change in total solute concentration. The main symptom of cholera is watery stools. Use your drawings to write an explanation of how cholera toxin causes the watery stools characteristic of cholera. Both cystic fibrosis and cholera are caused by a malfunctioning CFTR protein. Compare the similarities and differences between these two diseases. Cholera 1.jpg Cholera 2.jpg