Read the passage and answer the question. While some argue t…
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Reаd the pаssаge and answer the questiоn. While sоme argue that technоlogy isolates people, research suggests that digital communication tools have helped strengthen relationships by allowing people to stay connected despite physical distance. Video calls, instant messaging, and social media platforms enable individuals to maintain close ties with family and friends across the globe, counteracting the idea that technology weakens personal relationships. What is the main idea of this passage?
After reаding eаch оf the fоllоwing pаragraphs, select the choice that best answers each of the questions that follow. Paragraph B Issue: Business Ethics “Frugal engineering.” “Indovation.” “Reverse innovation.” These are some of the terms that GE, Procter & Gamble, Siemens, and Unilever are using to describe efforts to penetrate more deeply into emerging markets. As growth in mature markets slows, executives and managers at many global companies are realizing that the ability to serve the needs of the world’s poorest consumers will be a critical source of competitive advantage in the decades to come. Procter & Gamble CEO Robert McDonald has set a strategic goal of introducing 800 million new consumers to the company’s brands by 2015. This will require a better understanding of what daily life is like in, say, hundreds of thousands of rural villages in Africa, South America, and China. Consider, for example, that two-thirds of the world’s population—more than 4 billion people—live on less than $2 per day. This segment is sometimes referred to as the “bottom of the pyramid” and includes an estimated 1.5 billion people who live “off the grid”; that is, they have no access to electricity to provide light or to charge their cell phones. Often, a villager must walk several miles to hire a taxi for the trip to the nearest city with electricity. Such trips are costly in terms of both time and money. —Keegan and Green, Global Marketing, p. 192 1. What is the topic?
Identify the аuthоr's tоpic. Pаssаge A: Besides prоtecting us from the elements, clothing is a means of nonverbal communication, providing a relatively straightforward (if sometimes expensive) method of impression management. Clothing can be used to convey economic status, educational level, social status, moral standards, athletic ability and/or interests, belief system (political, philosophical, religious), and level of sophistication. Research shows that we do make assumptions about people based on their clothing. Communicators who wear special clothing often gain persuasiveness. For example, experimenters dressed in uniforms resembling police officers were more successful than those dressed in civilian clothing in requesting pedestrians to pick up litter and in persuading them to lend a dime to an overparked motorist. Likewise, solicitors wearing sheriffs and nurse's uniforms increased the level of contributions to law enforcement and health care campaigns. Uniforms aren't the only kind of clothing that carries influence. In one study, a male and female were stationed in a hallway so that anyone who wished to go by had to avoid them or pass between them. In one condition, the conversationalists wore "formal daytime dress"; in the other, they wore "casual attire." Passersby behaved differently toward the couple depending on the style of clothing: They responded positively with the well-dressed couple and negatively when the same people were casually dressed. Similar results in other situations show the influence of clothing. We are more likely to obey people dressed in a high-status manner. Pedestrians were more likely to return lost coins to well-dressed people than to those dressed in low-status clothing. We are also more likely to follow the lead of high-status dressers even when it comes to violating social rules. Eighty-three percent of the pedestrians in one study followed a well-dressed jaywalker who violated a "wait" crossing signal, whereas only 48 percent followed a person dressed in lower-status clothing. Women who are wearing a jacket are rated as being more powerful than those wearing only a dress or skirt and blouse. As we get to know others better, the importance of clothing shrinks. This fact suggests that clothing is especially important in the early stages of a relationship, when making a positive first impression is necessary in order to encourage others to get to know us better. This advice is equally important in personal situations and in employment interviews. In both cases, your style of dress (and personal grooming) can make all the difference between the chance to progress further and oulright rejection. -Ronald B. Adler and George Rodman