Instructions: You finished reading Part II. Take your time a…
Questions
Instructiоns: Yоu finished reаding Pаrt II. Tаke yоur time and using your paper, write everything you remember. When you are ready to move to the next question, answer the question below. Remember, you won't be able to return to the previous questions. Part III Paper has profoundly shaped human history because it made writing, learning, and communication more practical, affordable, and widespread. It was first invented in China around 105 AD by Cai Lun, who created sheets from mulberry bark, hemp, old rags, and fishing nets. Before paper, people used materials such as papyrus in Egypt (3000 BC), parchment in Pergamum (2nd century BC), and palm leaves in Southeast Asia (5th century BC), which were expensive or difficult to produce. The Chinese kept papermaking secret for centuries, but by the 8th century AD, it spread to Central Asia after Chinese artisans were captured during battles. From there, papermaking reached the Islamic world, including Baghdad and Damascus, where it facilitated the production of scientific and philosophical works, such as those by Al-Khwarizmi (c. 780–850 AD). By the 12th century, paper had reached Europe, with early mills in Spain and Italy, allowing universities like Bologna (founded 1088) and Oxford (founded 1096) to produce textbooks and manuscripts more efficiently. The invention of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg in the 1450s multiplied the impact of paper, enabling the mass production of books such as the Gutenberg Bible (1455), which fueled the Renaissance, increased literacy, and spread new ideas in science, religion, and art. Paper also revolutionized government record-keeping, trade documentation, and law, as seen in the extensive archives of Venice (14th–16th centuries) and the administrative documents of the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644). In the 19th century, the development of wood pulp paper allowed for large-scale, inexpensive production, making newspapers, books, and official documents widely available. Today, paper continues to be essential in education, printing, packaging, art, banking, and office work, even in the digital age, because people still rely on books, notebooks, forms, and legal documents worldwide. ___________________________________________________________________________________ *BC stands for “Before Christ.” It is used to label years before the birth of Jesus Christ. For example, 3000 BCE (or 3000 BC) means 3000 years before Jesus was born. *AD stands for “Anno Domini,” which is Latin for “in the year of our Lord.” It is used for years after the birth of Jesus Christ. For example, 105 AD is 105 years after Jesus was born. Question 5 I finished reading Part III.
Which element hаs the fоllоwing electrоn configurаtion? 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d3