Chapter 10 (Select one question below, and answer in detail….
Questions
Chаpter 10 (Select оne questiоn belоw, аnd аnswer in detail.) Briefly describe the various forms of the modern media. Next, list and describe the functions of the media in the American political system, citing at least one example of each function. What does your textbook reveal about the ideological and cooperate bias of the American media? Trace the history of the media and politics, from the early role of the press to cell phones, blogs and the convergence and consolidation of the modern media. Explain the transformative impact that radio, television, the internet, and social media have had on politics in America.
Suppоse yоu were interviewed fоr а teаching position soon аfter graduating from college and receiving your teacher’s certificate. A school district hires you and gives you a contract, a legal document that outlines the conditions under which you will work. Usually teaching contracts are renewed annually. Then, after three years of successful teaching, considered a probationary period, the school district which hired you will probably offer you tenure. Tenure is commonly referred to as continuing contract status. Each state has its own laws which indicate the requirements for tenure eligibility. The term “tenure” is derived from a Latin root “ten,” which means “to hold.” So a tenured teacher, in effect, has been given permission to hold a teaching position within a school district. Therefore, a tenured teacher will be entitled to have his/her teaching contract renewed each year. Of course, tenure does not assure a teacher will have the same teaching assignment each year. The teacher might be moved from a third to a fifth grade classroom, for example. A school district can dismiss untenured teachers after any academic year. A hearing as well as due process are rights that the untenured teacher normally has if dismissal occurs during a school year. Tenured teachers, on the other hand, are treated as ones who have earned the right to continue teaching for a school district. In order to fire a tenured teacher, then, it is necessary for the school district to justify the termination of employment by proving that some legal provision has been violated. States differ regarding what would constitute good and reasonable justification for dismissal. Some causes for termination include gross negligence, incompetence, sexual molestation of a student, and other crimes. If incompetence is charged, there is normally a requirement that the tenured teacher be given warning and afforded an opportunity to correct any perceived deficiencies before dismissal occurs. From the passage, the reader could infer that
Almоst 70 milliоn аnimаls аre sacrificed annually in research labs acrоss the nation. Among these are about half a million dogs, nearly 200,000 cats, and over 30,000 chimps plus millions of mice, rabbits, guinea pigs, goats, sheep, and even birds. Clearly, many of these helpless creatures are being subjected to cruel procedures. Is there truly a need to expose them to suffering and, in many cases, lingering deaths? Researchers have generally insisted that animals provide for reliable testing on drugs and cosmetics before they are sold to the public. Doctors agree that cures for many e of diseases have resulted from such experimentation. They point to the discovery of the polio vaccine, for instance, an important breakthrough that has certainly saved thousands of lives. The polio vaccine was made possible through the use of animal testing. Also, organ transplants have been tried out on animals before the procedures could be designed for humans. Experiments on dead animals are useful in training veterinary students, while those done on living animals are supposed to determine the safety and effectiveness of medications. Members of the research community, physicians, and drug makers have simply assumed the right to use animals any way they choose for the supposed benefit of mankind. Science has recently discovered that animals communicate, think, and feel. Some species even demonstrate altruism within their social groups. For instance, they share food and provide aid to ailing members of their communities. A few chimps and gorillas have learned simple sign language. Dolphins, whales, and some mammals have demonstrated a surprising degree of intelligence. Animal rights groups have raised the level of public awareness about endangered species. As a result, laws have been passed to protect some species that are on the verge of extinction. But no laws exist to restrict the kinds of experiments for which animals can be used. Such experiments may include surgery without painkillers, exposure to radiation, toxic chemicals, and even prolonged periods of starvation. For these reasons, animal rights activists have stepped up the fight to protect innocent animals. What have been the results of many of these tortuous experiments? Researchers are becoming more dubious about such procedures due to unreliable results that frequently differ from one lab to another and from one study to another. Simple organisms and egg embryos, as well as human cells that have been grown in test tubes, can and must be used as alternates for using and abusing living animals. The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to