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True or False: Ignaz Semmelweis used data to determine that handwashing could reduce maternal mortality due to the spread of “childbed fever” by physicians moving between autopsies and the maternal ward in the hospital where he worked.

True or False: An outbreak carries the same definition as an epidemic; however, it is more often used to describe a sudden increase in the number of cases of disease above what is normally expected across a more limited geographic area.

Pap smears are routinely administered in gynecological exams for adult women for the preclinical detection of cervical cancer. What form of disease prevention is this?

True or False: Underreporting in surveillance programs makes diseases appear less prevalent than they actually are.

For the three Venn diagrams shown (Venn 1, Venn 2, Venn 3), match them with the operations that represent the shaded area of the diagram. 

The next five questions use the same problem statement probability mass function.  Let X be the number of taxis that a customer finds waiting outside of their hotel anytime between 5:00pm and midnight on weeknights. The probability mass function for X is Solve for the following probabilities. Round to the nearest hundredth. a)

An industrial psychologist has developed a test to identify people with a potential to be good managers. His statistics indicate that 30 percent of the employees in the company positive leadership traits. Past data indicates that 45 percent of those with positive traits are promoted into management, while 10 percent of those without the traits are promoted into management. b) Given that an employee has already been promoted into management, what is the probability that they had the positive leadership traits? Round to the nearest thousandth.

Let X be the number of taxis that a customer finds waiting outside of their hotel anytime between 5:00pm and midnight on weeknights. The probability mass function for X is Solve for the following probabilities. Round to the nearest hundredth. c)

An industrial engineer working at UPS studied packages delivered on one specific courier route.  She collects data on 300 packages, shown in the table below, and records when (early, on time, late) and where (business, home) each package was delivered.    Let A denote the event that a package is delivered late.  Let B denote the event that a package is delivered early.  Let C denote the event that a package is delivered to a business.  Use the data recorded to calculate the probabilities below. Round to the nearest hundredth.    Early On Time Late Business 81 112 29 Home 14 33 31   d.) What is the value of ?

Through his funnel experiment, Deming demonstrated the positive effects of over-tampering.