Many cancer patients develop cachexia (tissue wasting) due t…

Many cancer patients develop cachexia (tissue wasting) due to progressive loss of adipose and skeletal muscle. A significant contributing factor is that many tumor cells exhibit an abnormal metabolism of glucose called the Warburg effect. Which of the following best explains the underlying metabolic basis for how cancers cause cachexia? 

A newborn girl delivered at 35 weeks of gestation presented…

A newborn girl delivered at 35 weeks of gestation presented with low birth weight, low Apgar scores, and poor neurological status. Serum studies showed undetectable levels of glutamine. Genetic studies revealed mutations both glutamine synthetase genes. Which one of the following would be normal (not affected) in this patient?