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Antibiotic resistance genes can spread between bacteria through horizontal gene transfer. Which statement best explains why this is a significant concern for treating bacterial infections?

When a sequence of DNA is excised from a chromosome, flipped end-over-end, and then put back into the same location this is called a(n) ______________________.

In genomic imprinting, only one parental allele (either maternal or paternal) is expressed while the other is silenced. What is the primary molecular mechanism that causes this silencing?

GGG and GGC are codons for the amino acid, glycine. A mutation caused the insertion of a cytosine in place of the third guanine during DNA replication. Over many generations the DNA changes so that the frequency of GGC is similar to that of GGG. What effect does this mutation have on the population’s mean fitness?  

Sister chromatids separate during mitosis and meiosis, but at different stages. When does this separation occur in each process?

During gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments migrate through the gel toward the positive electrode. What property of DNA causes this migration?

In genomic imprinting, only one parental allele (either maternal or paternal) is expressed while the other is silenced. What is the primary molecular mechanism that causes this silencing?

What is the key characteristic that distinguishes epigenetic changes from mutations?

Broadly speaking, what is the biggest difference between gene regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

According to the slides, what percentage of traits in organisms are quantitative/polygenic rather than simple Mendelian traits?