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A 27 y/o, 58 Kg (130 lb) female is admitted to ICU after an emergency C-section. The patient is receiving mechanical ventilation via a volume control ventilator. The current ventilator settings are:  Mode      SIMV    VT        450 mL    Rate      14    FiO2       0.50 PEEP      5 cmH20The following laboratory data are available: pH       7.36PaCO2   44 mmHgPaO2     50 mmHgHCO3    22 mmHgSaO2     82%QT       4.5 L/min The therapist should recommend which of the following? 

Under conditions of changing compliance or airway resistance, the tidal volume delivered by a pressure-cycled ventilator is _____________; and the tidal volume delivered by a volume-cycled ventilator is ___________.

Which of the following are true regarding spontaneous modes?1.    The patient determines the rate2.    Apnea alarms and ventilation back-up mode should be set3.    The ventilator determines and controls the rate4.    The patient determines the tidal volume

When a ventilator delivers a breath at a pre-determined time interval, the mechanical breath is  __________-triggered.

What does the following pressure volume loop represent? PV loop Raw.jpg 

Mechanical ventilation is initiated with a pressure support of 10 cm H2O and a CPAP of 5. There is not a mandatory rate set.  Which of the following parameters would a therapist monitor in order to determine that the pressure support level is adequate?

The following patient exhibited the following changes when reviewing the ventilator flow sheet. Which of the following below best explains these changes?                    0700   Vt =500ml    PIP 25       Plateau 20 0900   Vt =500 ml    PIP 28       Plateau 20 1100   Vt =500ml     PIP 33       Plateau 20   Which of the following below best explains what is occurring?

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Normal ETCO2 % is expected to be approximately ________________%.

Calculate the alveolar volume given the following information: Vt 500 , male 150 lbs, and an HME at the wye having a volume of 50 ml.