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A chemist adds a chemical to pure water and there is a 100-fold increase in the concentration of hydrogen ions. What is the best approximation of the new pH value?

Cilia and flagella of eukaryotic cells are composed of __________.

If you added a drug to a suspension of bacteria that inhibited their flagella, they would not be able to __________.

The functional group pictured below is acidic.

Based on hierarchical levels of biological organization, which represents the broadest level?

Relatively small organic molecules with a central carbon atom which is bonded to a carboxyl group, an amino group, a carbon containing group, and a hydrogen atom are called __________.

Macromolecules that are used by most organisms to store hereditary information are called __________.

A dental student wants to test if fluoride is an effective additive against tooth decay. The student studies tooth decay in a population of people who live in neighborhoods supplied with fluoridated water. This student would like to ask whether access to fluoridated water prevents tooth decay. What would be an effective control group to ask this question?

Individuals that are heavy smokers may eventually have trouble clearing the mucous from their lungs because the structures that move fluid along the epithelial lining of the lung become damaged over time. What are these structures called?

The functional group pictured below is polar.