Oxygen compounds of nitrogen contribute to air pollution, so…

Oxygen compounds of nitrogen contribute to air pollution, sometimes in a very visible way, Shown below is a chemical reaction that converts nitrogen tetroxide, N2O4, into nitrogen dioxide, NO2, a reaction that can occur in the atmosphere. N2O4 is colorless, but NO2 has a brown color, and its presence in the atmosphere contributes to the “pollution haze” observed in some cities. Is this reaction spontaneous at 25°C? K = °C + 273 ΔG = ΔH – TΔS

The Voyager spacecraft has now left the solar system and is…

The Voyager spacecraft has now left the solar system and is in interstellar space. Voyager carries with it a gold (Au) plated record containing some of the “sounds of Earth”. An image on the internet claims to show this actual record being gold plated, see below. I am not 100% sure this plating was performed by electroplating, but it looks like it could well have been. If so, would the record have acted as an anode or as a cathode in the plating process? The relevant chemical half reaction and the image are shown below.  Au+(aq) + 1 e- → Au(s) Gold plating the record that flies on the Voyager probe