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After a while, self-talk becomes second nature to children, and they can act without verbalizing, thus creating a form of _____, which becomes their thoughts.  

By the time babies are born, they have approximately _____ neurons.  

Babies’ first forms of emotional communication, particularly with parents, are:  

When Alice speaks to her six-month-old niece, her voice immediately takes on a higher pitch, her speech becomes slower, and she begins using more simplistic words and phrases. This change in Alice’s language behavior provides an example of:  

Baby Jane, three days old, is shown four drawings: a bright blue square, a white oval, a yellow circle, and a drawing of a face. Consistent with Fantz’s work, which drawing would she probably prefer to look at?  

When experimenters ask children to judge whether two complex pictures are the same, preschool children tend to use a haphazard comparison strategy, not examining all of the details before making a judgment, exhibiting a lack of:  

Which of the following is in the correct order of the three periods in prenatal development from conception to birth?  

Parents who encourage their children to be independent and show age-appropriate behaviors but still place limits and controls on their actions are:  

Vygotsky believed that children build their knowledge base and skills through social interaction, and that the best education creates the social contexts for learning. His theory is called the:  

Jared, a four-year-old, is talking continually as he puts wooden shapes together to make a castle, describing the colors and how the shapes fit together. This form of self-talk is used for self-regulation, keeping himself focused on his task. Developmentalists call this: