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Justification defenses claim a kind of moral high ground. They may be offered by people who find themselves forced to choose between “two evils.” Explain and discuss three justification defenses. Do you think that such defenses are appropriate? Can causing harm be justified on the grounds that it prevents harm? Support your opinion.

Procedural law is one type of statutory law.

Age is a justification defense.

What is meant by “emergent perspectives”? Explain in detail two emergent perspectives on crime causation.

The courts have supported drug testing of police officers based on reasonable suspicion that drug abuse is occurring.

Most burglars know their victims.

________ is a theory of human behavior, based on the writings of Sigmund Freud, that sees personality as a complex composite of interacting mental entities.

Evidence of relevance to a criminal investigation that is not readily seen by the unaided eye is known as ________ evidence.

An offender is convicted of multiple crimes and is sentenced for each offense. A ________ sentence permits the offender to serve all sentences at the same time.

List and explain the key principles of classical criminology. Explain the neoclassical perspective and how it differs from classical criminology.