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Essay:  This section tests your knowledge of the ethical doctrines by analyzing ethical dilemmas from the Rawlsian (contractarian), libertarian, and utilitarian perspectives.  Each response should be one to two paragraphs in length and is worth 10 points.   Johnny Smith was born into a poor family in the slums of Detroit with type 1 diabetes.  He needs insulin therapy to maintain his health, but his parents are too poor to pay for this medical service.  Using Rawls’s contractarianism, provide an argument as to whether or not the government has an obligation to provide this medical service for Johnny.  Be sure to explain the natural lottery, original position, and justice in your response.

Answer the following question.  The answer does not have to be in a complete sentence. ¿Cómo te llamas?

The two major battles of the Civil War fought on Union soil were 

How many essential amino acids are they and why are they called “essential”?

The most common cell present in the periodontal ligament is the

Enamel matrix is a(n) _____ product, because ameloblasts are derived from the inner enamel epithelium of the enamel organ.

Essay:  This section tests your knowledge of the ethical doctrines by analyzing ethical dilemmas from the utilitarian, deontological, and virtue ethical perspectives.  Each response should be one to two paragraphs in length and is worth 10 points.   Despite the clear medical benefits to vaccination generally accepted by the scientific community, no U.S. federal law mandates vaccination for its citizens.  Individuals can therefore choose whether or not to be vaccinated and whether or not to vaccinate their children, and many do so for religious reasons.  Explain this situation from a deontological i.e., Kantian) perspective.  From a deontological standpoint, should the U.S. create a law that mandates vaccination for certain illnesses?  Explain your reasoning by explaining and applying the categorical imperative and be sure to explain autonomy in your response.

Silver diamine fluoride is used to

For Kant, which one of the following is an operation of one’s will?  

The clash between Preston S. Brooks and Charles Sumner revealed