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A Patient presents with severe pain and swelling of the left wrist following a fall 3 days ago. The x-ray shows no fracture. The patient has a demand pacemaker and Raynaud’s disease.Goal: Decrease pain and edemaPlan of Care: Modalities and therapeutic exercise.Which of the following is indicated for this patient?

To increase charge density the PTA

A PTA is setting the ultrasound parameters for a patient with acute ankle sprain near the lateral malleolus.Goal: decrease pain and edemaPlan of Care: Non-thermal ultrasound to the lateral ligamentThe BEST parameters to meet the goals of this patient care: 20 % duty cycle,

The scenario with the greatest charge density is:

Dx: Acute Ankle SprainPMH: 30 year old female with Raynauds diseasePT Goal: Decrease pain and edemaPT POC: Agents to meet PT GoalWhat is the BEST action by the PTA?

Which of the following will increase the force of a muscle contraction in response to electrical stimulation?

Cellular activity and the non-thermal effects of ultrasound are a result of all of the following EXCEPT:

Which of the following is NOT an effect of UV radiation?

Raynaud’s is a contraindication for which of the following modalities?

A patient has a trigger point in the upper trapezius and local muscle spasm, tightness and       pain due to spasm.  The BEST modality choice to address these issues is: