A client reports difficulty falling asleep and frequent nigh…

A client reports difficulty falling asleep and frequent nighttime awakenings. The nurse reviews the client’s history to determine whether the presentation meets DSM-5 criteria for insomnia disorder. Which additional finding is required to support the diagnosis rather than a situational or secondary sleep disturbance?

A 45-year-old client with major depressive disorder is sched…

A 45-year-old client with major depressive disorder is scheduled to receive electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). The prescriber explains the procedure, including its purpose, risks, benefits, and alternative treatments. The client asks questions about potential cognitive side effects and decides to refuse the treatment. Which statement best reflects the principles of informed consent in this scenario?