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In a single PCR cycle consisting of 30 seconds at 95C, 1 min at 55C, and 1 min at 72C, what is happening in the step run at 55C?

You have ligated a foreign DNA fragment into the EcoRI site in the multiple cloning site of pUC18. You then transform host E. coli with the ligation mixture. Some of the bacterial colonies growing on the nutrient agar plate that contains ampicillin and X-gal are white and some are blue. Bacterial colonies that are blue

ELISA is based on

A linear strand of DNA is 1,000 bp long. A recognition sequence for the restriction enzyme Eco R1 is located 300 base pairs (bp) from the 5′ end of this linear DNA molecule. Digesting this DNA molecule with Eco RI would produce _____.

A _____ consists of cloned DNA fragments for all expressed genes in a particular tissue

To separate acidic proteins from basic proteins in a crude cellular lysate you could use

During library screening, PCR, Southern blotting, and other techniques, binding two pieces of DNA to each other by hydrogen bonding is called ________.

What is the purpose of a header guard?

For a text file, we want to calculate how many words there are, and we want to read in one word each time. Which file reading function is most suitable for this task?

How are parameters passed by default when it comes to regular variables of primitive data types?