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In class we discussed how many signaling pathways (e.g. Receptor Tyrosine Kinase pathways) involve G Proteins. A. (4 pts) How are G Proteins activated and inactivated. What two general types of proteins help with that process? 

Which of the following are the final products and by-products of glucose oxidation during aerobic cell respiration?  This includes the entire process of cellular respiration from beginning to end.

In some cases, just a few signaling molecules binding to the surface of a cell can trigger a very large response because ____.  

This type of cell junction protein does a great job at linking actin filaments of the cytoskeleton to collagen and other components of the extra cellular matrix (ECM).

During aerobic respiration oxygen acts as an electron acceptor for electrons derived from NADH.  During this reaction NADH gets __________ to NAD+, and oxygen gets _______  to water.

8) Trophic cascades Define what is meant by the term trophic cascade. Explain why the removal of a particular starfish, Pisaster ochraceous, from certain tidal habitats can lead to a trophic cascade.

12) List the three “units” of conservation that are officially eligible to receive protection under the U.S. Endangered Species Act.

6) Infectious disease terms and COVID-19 Define the term reservoir host. Are humans a reservoir host species of COVID-19? Why or why not? Define the term spillover and explain how the production of cell phones has contributed to the prospect of new spillover events arising. 

10) Describe what is meant by the term extinction vortex. 

13) Government agencies and NGOs List three roles played by government agencies in conservation and name one government agency that carries out that role. Note: neither the role nor the agency name should be used more than once in this answer. Also, you do not need to describe how the agency is carrying out their role.  List three roles played by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in conservation and name one NGO carrying out that role. Note: neither the role nor the NGO name should be used more than once in this answer. Also, you do not need to describe how the NGO is carrying out their role.