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Scientists often depict their understanding of an organism’s evolutionary ancestry in diagrams known as ________.

Gyres are the ________ patterns found in major oceans.

Which of the following is not an abiotic factor?  

What is the basic subunit of elements?  

A 30-year-old patient diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) experiences an acute relapse with significant vision loss. Which pharmacological strategies are appropriate for managing the acute relapse and for long-term disease modification, respectively?

A patient is switched from an ergot-derivative dopamine agonist (bromocriptine) to a non-ergot derivative (pramipexole) for Parkinson’s disease. This switch is often made to avoid which adverse effect profile that is more characteristic of the ergot derivatives?

A 70-year-old patient with Parkinson’s disease and a history of narrow-angle glaucoma experiences significant tremors. Why would a physician likely choose carbidopa/levodopa over benztropine mesylate for this particular patient?

A patient taking carbamazepine (Tegretol) for seizures develops a fever and sore throat. There is no evidence of a rash or other dermatologic reaction.  A complete blood count (CBC) is ordered because these symptoms could indicate the onset of a potential black box warning associated with this drug.

Case continues…At follow-up, the client reports partial relief with sumatriptan but continues to experience 5 migraines monthly. Because migraines remain frequent, the provider adds rimegepant.

Before initiating sumatriptan, which aspect of this client’s history requires the MOST careful evaluation?