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BONUS ~ 1 (3 pts): Every cell in the body possesses molecules that could act as antigens in others. DISCUSS how your own immune system “learns” not to attack your own antigens? Include in your answer: A) The name of the two processes invloved. B) What occurs in each process above.

A college sophomore is analyzing the renal clearance of an unknown drug. They collect the following data for one minute: Amount of the drug filtered by glomerulus: 100 mg Amount of the drug reabsorbed by tubules: 75 mg Amount of the drug secreted by tubules: 15 mg What is the net amount of the drug, in milligrams (mg), that is excreted in the urine after one minute?

Your uncle has been diagnosed with renal insufficiency and placed on dialysis. He asks you why he has to take EPO now as well. What do you tell him?

Henry’s Law states that

Which of the following plasma proteins is (are) made by the liver?

When bicarbonate ions are produced in an erythrocyte, they diffuse into the blood plasma. In exchange, ___ diffuses from the plasma into the RBC.

The fastest phagocytotic cell to respond to bacterial infections are

A patient arrives at the emergency room with dangerously high blood pressure, yet shows no signs of reflexive heart rate reduction or vasodilation. Which type of receptor is most likely malfunctioning?

The MOST important factor that determines how saturated hemoglobin is with oxygen is 

The mechanism that stabilizes GFR through smooth muscle contraction in response to stretching of the afferent arteriole is called ________.