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Consider the following portion of a spreadsheet:                    A              B           C 1                              Sales           2             Chris          17                              3              Pat             30 4               Jan            11  5                               —–    6       Total Sales                                                Write one way of determining the value for “Total Sales” for this group of people that would go in cell B6.  Note: You MUST use cell references in your equation and DO NOT use a built-in function. 

Let’s try a free-response type question. In 1-2 sentences describe how you will prepare for Exam?

Rasping, teeth-bearing tongue-like structure in some mollusks:

The Smart City Initiative The Situation: Your city council is currently debating a proposal to implement “Smart City” surveillance and data-tracking technology in all public parks and downtown corridors. You will read the four research summaries provided below. Your goal is to write a 2 paragraph argumentative essay that answers the following question: Should our city invest in the “Smart City” surveillance initiative, or should the proposal be rejected in favor of maintaining traditional privacy standards? Your 2 paragraph essay must include: A clear thesis statement at the end of the introduction that takes a definite stance. At least 1 body paragraph Supporting evidence using direct quotes or paraphrased information from at least two of the four articles, cited correctly.  Detailed analysis explaining how your chosen evidence proves your claim. Source 1: “Public Safety vs. The Watchful Eye” Source: Global Urban Security Institute Proponents of smart surveillance argue that high-definition, AI-integrated cameras significantly reduce violent crime and property damage. In cities like London and Singapore, “smart” grids allow police to respond to incidents up to 30% faster by using automated alerts for “unusual behavior” patterns or acoustic sensors that can triangulate the exact location of a gunshot within seconds. However, civil liberties groups argue that while these systems help catch criminals after the fact, there is little evidence they actually deter crime before it happens. Some data suggests a “displacement effect,” where crime simply moves three to four blocks away to “blind spots” outside the camera’s range. Furthermore, internal audits in three major cities revealed that “automated alerts” for suspicious behavior had an error rate of 15%, often flagging innocent citizens performing everyday activities like running for a bus or loitering near a closed storefront. Source 2: “The Data Goldmine: Economic Efficiency” Source: Tech Economy Review / McKinsey Analysis “Smart Cities” aren’t just about cameras; they use a network of “Internet of Things” (IoT) sensors to monitor traffic flow, air quality, and municipal energy usage. By optimizing traffic lights in real-time based on actual car density rather than set timers, cities can reduce CO2 emissions by 10% to 15% and save commuters an average of 30 hours per year in idling time. This level of efficiency is a major draw for tech-sector employers looking for modern headquarters. However, a growing concern among economists is “data monetization.” To offset the massive costs of the hardware, some municipalities have considered selling anonymized resident movement patterns to private retail developers. While this could generate $2.1 million in annual revenue for the city, critics argue it turns citizens into “products” without their explicit consent. Source 3: “The Privacy Paradox: A Loss of Anonymity” Source: Digital Rights Watch / Harvard Law Blog The implementation of facial recognition technology marks a permanent end to “public anonymity,” the idea that one can walk through a city without being identified by name. Recent surveys show that 65% of adults under the age of 30 feel “observed and uneasy” when spending time in highly surveilled public squares, a psychological pressure known as the “chilling effect.” Legal scholars warn that this technology could be weaponized against peaceful protesters or political dissidents, as AI can now match a face to a social media profile in less than two seconds. In one controlled study of a mid-sized city, public park usage by families dropped by 12% following the installation of 360-degree cameras. Residents reported feeling that their private leisure time—reading on a bench or playing with children—was being treated like a “monitored data point” rather than a private moment. Source 4: “Operational Costs and the Digital Divide” Source: Municipal Budget Oversight Committee The financial burden of a city-wide smart grid is substantial. The initial setup for a medium-sized city often exceeds $15 million, with annual maintenance and cloud data storage costs reaching $1.2 million. While the long-term energy savings from “smart streetlights” (which dim when no one is around) can offset some costs—roughly 8% of the annual utility budget—the break-even point for the investment is estimated at 14 years. Perhaps more concerning is the “Digital Divide.” Budget constraints often mean that “smart” features are only installed in wealthy downtown corridors or business districts. If lower-income neighborhoods remain “dark” (without sensors or enhanced lighting), the technological gap between citizens widens. This can lead to an unequal distribution of city services; for example, “smart” trash cans might be emptied more frequently in wealthy areas because they can “signal” for a pickup, while poorer neighborhoods rely on slower, traditional schedules.

Instructions: Read the two excerpts below. They were both delivered by U.S. Presidents in response to sudden acts of violence that stunned the nation. Once you have finished reading, answer the questions that follow. Speech A: Franklin D. Roosevelt, Pearl Harbor Address (December 8, 1941) “Yesterday, December 7th, 1941—a date which will live in infamy—the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan. The United States was at peace with that nation and, at the solicitation of Japan, was still in conversation with its government and its emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the Pacific. The facts of yesterday and today speak for themselves. The people of the United States have already formed their opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and safety of our nation. As Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy, I have directed that all measures be taken for our defense. But always will our whole nation remember the character of the onslaught against us. No matter how long it may take us to overcome this premeditated invasion, the American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory.”    Speech B: Barack Obama, Sandy Hook Interfaith Prayer Vigil (December 16, 2012) “I come to offer the love and prayers of a nation. I am very mindful that mere words cannot match the depths of your sorrow, nor can they heal your wounded hearts. I can only hope it helps for you to know that you’re not alone in your grief; that our world too has been torn apart; that all across this land of ours, we have wept with you, we’ve pulled our children tight.    We will be told that the causes of such violence are complex, and that is true. No single law—no set of laws can eliminate evil from the world, or prevent every senseless act of violence in our society. But that can’t be an excuse for inaction. Surely, we can do better than this. If there is even one step we can take to save another child, or another parent, or another town… then surely we have an obligation to try.”    Analysis Questions    Central Idea: In one clear sentence, identify the central idea of President Roosevelt’s speech (Speech A) from the devices you learned about in this module only. Central Idea: In one clear sentence, identify the central idea of President Obama’s speech (Speech B). Rhetorical Devices: Choose one rhetorical device used by President Obama in Speech B from the devices you learned about in this module only. -Provide a direct quote of the device from the text. -Explain in 2–3 sentences how this device helps Obama achieve his purpose.  Comparative Reflection: In a 2 paragraph response, describe the tone of Speech A versus Speech B. Be sure to use at least 2 quotes from each when explaining the differences (4 quotes total).

You are a lead scientist working on the protein design projects for a company. While working on a project, you are asked to insert amino acids in region 1 shown in the figure below, constituting a part of the protein spanning the lipid bilayer. Kindly make appropriate selection:

Looking at the various signaling sequences present in the protein shown below, select how many times would the protein span the membrane:  

Which of the following describes this radiograph? 

An injury with no fractures or no dislocations is termed a:

Which is true about reversed phase liquid chromatography? Answer Choices:  Hydrophilic peptides elute earlier than hydrophobic peptides. Hydrophobic peptides elute earlier than hydrophilic peptides. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic peptides are equally dispersed throughout the separation.