A 67‑year‑old man with a 45‑pack‑year smoking history report…

A 67‑year‑old man with a 45‑pack‑year smoking history reports progressive dyspnea and chronic cough. His chest X‑ray shows hyperinflation. Spirometry reveals: FEV₁/FVC (pre‑bronchodilator): 0.68 FEV₁/FVC (post‑bronchodilator): 0.66 What is the most accurate interpretation of these results?