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  The above Figure shows the life-cycle of HIV-1. Match the following question with a number: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7? Uncoating releases the two viral RNA strands and the viral enzymes reverse transcriptase, integrase, and protease:

DNA viruses replicate/multiply mostly in the cytoplasm of the host cell using RNA-dependent RNA polymerase

One of the first commercial successes of recombinant DNA technology was the production of human insulin using genetically engineered coli.

Viroids are ___________________

DNA viruses replicate/multiply mostly in the cytoplasm of the host cell using RNA-dependent RNA polymerase

  The above Figure shows the life-cycle of HIV-1. Match the following question with a number: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7? Reverse transcriptase copies viral RNA to produce double-stranded DNA:

Prions _________________

You have a small gene that you wish replicated by PCR. After 4 replication cycles, how many double-stranded DNA molecules do you have?

The Bt toxin derived from Bacillus thuringiensis has been introduced into some crop plants to make them resistant to insect destruction.

In the Ames test, wild-type bacteria are exposed to mutagenic substances to measure the rate of mutation development