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A 17-year-old female visited the clinic complaining of shortness of breath. She had a history of frequent infections during childhood. Physical examination revealed that respiratory sounds were absent in the left hemithorax. Routine blood and biochemical test values were within normal limits. Chest radiography revealed that mediastinal structures, trachea, and heart were deviated to the left and the right hemidiaphragm was elevated (see figure). Abnormal development of which of the following best explains the clinical findings in this patient? 

4.3.  flint (1) [answ1]

A 36 yo woman is in a motor vehicle accident and suffers both a chest injury and severe blood loss, due to the severing of her left arm. She survives, but on the 3rd hospital day her PaO2 drops significantly and her chest radiograph shows complete white-out. A lung biopsy reveals the following:  The most likely diagnosis is:

  3.2.  Over 38,000 discarded animal 2. bones/food have been found there (1)

A first year medical student is studying high altitude respiration at a laboratory in Colorado where the barometric pressure is 497 mm Hg. Breathing room air, her respiratory rate is 23 bpm and her PAO2 = 65 mm Hg. What is her PACO2 (mm Hg)?

What is the proposed mechanism whereby Mycoplasma pneumoniae destroys the host respiratory epithelial layer?

A group of cigar smoking men aged 60 – 85 yo, met for a conference in a cold city in the winter. Soon after their conference, they all became ill with pneumonia, which was determined to be caused by Legionella pneumophila. What was the source of their infection?

Viral proteases are an important target of antivirals. Which of the following viruses make a single polyprotein that is post-translationally cleaved by proteases, into separate proteins?

A 22 yo female with history of Scleroderma (connective tissue disease) presents for regular follow up. She is doing well and denies any complaints at this time. Her vital signs are stable. Her physical exam is normal. Her laboratory data is within normal limits. You order an echocardiogram to rule out pulmonary hypertension. The results indicate that her right pulmonary pressure is elevated. What is the next step in the management of this patient?

A 25 yo man arrives at the UF Health ED where he is unresponsive to moderate shaking. He was at a party where he was consuming alcohol and recreational drugs. Breathing room air, ABG data are as follows; pH = 7.14, PaCO2 = 78 mm Hg, PaO2 = 50 mm Hg, HCO3- = 26 mEq/L, and SpO2 = 86%. From these clinical data, you conclude that the A/a gradient of this patient is