A nurse working the day shift on a cardiac telemetry unit is…

A nurse working the day shift on a cardiac telemetry unit is rounding on several patients. As each one is assessed, the nurse correlates the clinical presentation with the displayed ECG rhythm. The charge nurse asks the new graduate to review each patient’s findings and determine which cardiac rhythm is most likely present. Match each client presentation to the most likely cardiac rhythm.

Scenario: A 40-year-old patient is brought to the emergency…

Scenario: A 40-year-old patient is brought to the emergency department after experiencing a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. The seizure lasted 2 minutes. The patient is now in the postictal phase, presenting as drowsy and confused but arousable. Vital signs: BP 136/84 mmHg, HR 94 bpm, RR 20 breaths/min, SpO₂ 95% on room air. The patient’s partner states this is the second seizure today. Which findings are expected and which require further monitoring or intervention?

A 74-year-old client with a history of heart failure with re…

A 74-year-old client with a history of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF, EF 28%) is admitted with acute decompensated heart failure. The client presents with worsening dyspnea at rest, orthopnea, and a 3 kg weight gain over the past 5 days. Current assessment: BP: 100/66 mm Hg HR: 108 bpm RR: 26 breaths/min, labored with accessory muscle use SpO₂: 89% on 2 L/min nasal cannula Lungs: coarse crackles throughout bilateral lung fields Cardiac: S3 gallop, JVD to mid-neck Extremities: 3+ pitting edema to mid-calf bilaterally Urine output: 60 mL over the past 4 hours Mental status: alert but anxious IV access is in place, and the provider has written orders for supplemental oxygen, furosemide IV, labs, and imaging. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?

A 38-year-old client is admitted to the burn unit after bein…

A 38-year-old client is admitted to the burn unit after being rescued from a house fire. The client sustained deep partial-thickness and full-thickness burns to the anterior chest and upper back. Singed nasal hairs and carbonaceous sputum were documented at admission. The client is receiving fluid resuscitation per the Parkland formula, IV morphine for pain, and oxygen at 4 L/min via nasal cannula. Nine hours after admission, the nurse finds the client: Agitated and restless, pulling at the oxygen tubing Confused HR: 124 bpm (up from 98) RR: 28, with mild audible stridor BP: 138/86 mm Hg Facial edema more pronounced than at admission Which action should the nurse take first?

An otherwise healthy 24-year old graduate student sustains s…

An otherwise healthy 24-year old graduate student sustains severe pelvic injuries when he is struck by a car while riding his bike to school. He is rushed to the local emergency room and undergoes immediate surgery to repair his injuries. Unfortunately, he develops tachycardia, muscle rigidity and hypercapnia (excessive buildup of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream) during surgery. His condition rapidly deteriorates and he dies on the operating table. A medico-legal investigation is initiated. Medical histories confirm that the patient did not appear to have any co-morbidities, but both his father and a sister likewise died during surgeries for appendicitis and breast augmentation, respectively. Patient blood and toxicology examinations were normal, however, molecular analysis revealed that the patient carried a mutation for the ryanodine receptor. While the autopsy report concluded that the cause of death was due to cardiac failure, which of the following would also be found in the autopsy report?