A patient is lethargic, frequently complains of cold sensati…

A patient is lethargic, frequently complains of cold sensations, and has gained significant weight over the last several months. A TSH found to be low and their thyroid hormone level is also found to be low. The patient is infused with thyrotropinin releasing hormone (TRH) and the TSH level increased after this infusion. This would be considered a ____ form of hypothyroidism.

A 61-year-old patient presents to his primary care physician…

A 61-year-old patient presents to his primary care physician for a routine physical. His medical history is unremarkable but he informs his physician he has been experiencing heartburn when he wakes up every morning within the last month and that this is causing a degree of nausea and chest pain. He explains that the chest pain worries him since his family has a history of unstable angina. The physician orders a stress test and all cardiac function tests appear normal. During a follow-up appointment the patient tests positive for the urease breath test. The most likely cause of this patient’s symptoms is: