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A patient in the ICU has the following hemodynamic measurements:   CVP – 5mmHg PAP- 48/25mmHg PCWP- 8mmHg MAP- 93mmHg Cardiac Output- 6.1L/min Cardiac Index- 3.2L/min/m2 The results are consistent with which of the following?

What is a costophrenic angle?

PaO2 of 240. Fio2 of 50%. What is the PF ratio?

What is appropriate tidal volume for a 6 foot 2 inch male in ARDS?

What factors determine safety to undergo a spontaneous breathing trial?  1. Patient is hemodynamically stable (not on vasopressors or on a low dose of vasopressors)  2. FiO2 is less than or equal to 50%  3. PEEP less than or equal to 8 • 4. Patient can initiate an inspiratory effort (i.e. not apneic)

A 61-year-old female was admitted last night with shortness of breath. She currently is alert and oriented but very anxious. Her latest arterial blood gas values, on a nasal cannula at 3 L/min, show: pH = 7.39; PaCO2 = 41 mm Hg; PaO2 = 40 mm Hg; SaO2 = 74%; HCO- = 24 mEq/L. Breath sounds are decreased throughout with fine late crackles on inspiration. The current chest X-ray shows an enlarged heart with bilateral vascular congestion. The most appropriate therapy for this patient is _________.

Which of the following modes are commonly seen on noninvasive ventilators?1. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)2. Spontaneous (pressure assist)3. Pressure assist4. Volume control

When a patient is on NIV, it is a MUST to have a BVM at bedside

What strategy should be used when the patient complains of nasal congestion during the use of a nasal mask for noninvasive ventilation (NIV)?

Which of the following are benefits of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in postoperative major abdominal surgery?1. Lower mortality2. Lower intubation rate3. Lower incidence of pneumonia4. Lower rate of sepsis