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Withdrawal symptoms often result from the body’s depleted supply of nonessential amino acids in response to chronic drug use.

Ethyl alcohol, which is found in beverage alcohol, functions as a central nervous system (CNS) depressant.

Estelle is prescribed medication to treat her alcohol dependence. This medication weakens alcohol’s reinforcing properties by blocking opioid receptors. What medication was she prescribed?

Why is the study of pharmacokinetics so important?

The mechanisms of action for a drug is best described by the term Pharmacodynamics.

The propagation of action potentials begins at the axon terminal.

Communication between neurons is termed neuropotentiation.

Dr. Leighton is performing a literature search to learn more about a process termed gliosis. What is she likely to find out?

After applying a drug to the bathing solution, Esther finds that the difference between the charges inside and outside of the cell have diminished. The term to best describe this phenomenon is depolarization.

Carol is a chronic user of heroine. When she stops using heroine, she becomes irritable and has very strong cravings for the drug. These symptoms are characteristic of psychological dependence.