Significant system changes were implemented two months ago….

Significant system changes were implemented two months ago. The changes were well-planned, well-designed, thoroughly tested before and after conversion, and several employee training sessions were conducted. Still, the changes haven’t resulted in any productivity increases, cost savings, or process improvements. Management is puzzled and needs to find out why the system isn’t successful. The best action for management to take is

Data must be converted into information to be considered use…

Data must be converted into information to be considered useful and meaningful for decision making. There are six characteristics that make information both useful and meaningful. If information is free from error or bias and accurately represents the events or activities of the organization, it is representative of the characteristic of