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Cardiac reserve refers to the difference between the rate at which the heart pumps blood and its maximum capacity for pumping blood at any given time.

Due to a plateau in action potential, cardiac muscle cells have _________ than skeletal muscle cells.

The waste product bilirubin is produced from

Hemophilia is due to inherited deficiency of _________.

James thinks he has an abscessed (bacteria infected) tooth. If he does, what type of white blood cell would you expect to see in elevated numbers in a differential count?

The cardiac conduction system includes the followings in sequence:       _______  → _______ → _____  →  right and left branches → _______

The venous blood from GI tract flows into liver through ____________.  

Which of the below factors would INCREASE stroke volume (SV)?

________  = EDV – ESV    (EDV: end diastolic volume; ESV: end systolic volume)

_________ are substances that delay or prevent blood clotting.