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1.    Provide a brief overview of Hard Bop, including major sub-genres, essential style characteristics, and leading musicians.

14.  Lennie Tristano was an important pianist, composer, band leader, and teacher of Cool Jazz

2.    Charlie Parker was one of the most important early figures in the “Cool Era.”

4.    The career of Miles Davis can be characterized as fixed, stable, and focused in a specific musical genre.

9.    Sonny Stitt was hailed as the “New Bird.”

Section 5 – Essay – Choose ONLY ONE of the essay questions below. (15 points)

7.    Contrafaction refers to melodies of standard popular songs replaced with new angular “bebop” melodies while retaining the basic original chord progression.

13.  Charlie Parker’s nickname was:

Of the following attitudes, the best predictor of turnover is ________.

A researcher finds that people who work in a fish processing plant, doing work that most people find extremely unpleasant, still have a positive mood about 60 percent of the time. Which of the following concepts can explain such a finding?