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Which statement captures an aspect of the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system? 

In a tension pneumothorax, the patient’s heart rate and blood pressure will be high. 

When caring for a patient with fluid volume excess (FVE), which of the following would the nurse expect to find as an early clinical manifestation of this condition? 

A 60-year-old patient who has a history of hypertension, heart failure, and sleep apnea is admitted to the acute care unit. Which finding would relate most directly to a diagnosis of acute decompensated left sided heart failure? 

A 23-year-old female patient presents with unilateral leg swelling. On exam, the patient’s calf is swollen, tender, and appears red. The nurse suspects this patient may have developed a DVT. Which of the following contributing factors should the nurse ask the patient about? Select all that apply. 

A 50-year-old male with no significant medical history presents with sudden onset of excruciating left flank pain that radiates to the groin and is rated 10/10. What condition does the nurse most likely suspect?

A 3-year-old child has just been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The parents are currently receiving education from the diabetes nurse educator. How can the nurse educator best explain to the parents the etiology of their child’s diabetes? 

A hospitalized patient with a history of chronic stable angina tells the nurse that she is having chest pain. The nurse bases his actions on the knowledge that stable angina: 

A patient presents to the emergency department with 10/10 chest pain and diaphoresis. He reports having consumed two energy drinks while studying for his pharmacology exam. On initial assessment, he is lethargic and minimally responsive. The nurse places the patient on a cardiac monitor and notices the following: Based on the patient’s presentation and cardiac monitoring findings, which of the following is the most appropriate interpretation and underlying pathophysiologic mechanism?

Patients in renal failure have a deficiency of erythropoietin, which causes them to have: