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Your exam is linked below. Do your work on your own paper making sure to write clearly so that I can see your answers when you scan or take a picture of them. Email me the scans of your work no later than 70 minutes after you open the exam. This is a “50 minute” exam but I am allowing for extra time for scanning, emailing and any technological issues that arise.  Late work will not be accepted. Do not exit the test or close Blackboard or Honorlock until you have emailed me your exam. 205Exam4Sum26.pdf

The head of the epididymis is not visualized with ultrasound, whereas the body and tail are easier to identify when normal in size?                 

A hydrocele is characterized sonographically by an abnormal accumulation of serous fluid between which two layers?

A 19-year-old male presents to the emergency department with acute right lower quadrant pain, fever, and leukocytosis. An ultrasound of the right lower quadrant is performed. Which of the following sonographic findings is most definitive for acute appendicitis?

Hydrocele is characterized by?           

Acute thyroiditis usually presents on ultrasound as an ill-defined, asymmetric hypoechoic inflammatory mass or abscess (sometimes with internal debris/gas)? 

Scrotal trauma with testicular rupture if the surgery is performed?

Intestinal obstruction has been divided in mechanical and non-mechanical obstruction?

A 60-year-old male presents with chronic back pain, bilateral leg edema, and unexplained weight loss. Sonographic evaluation reveals a dense, ill-defined, hypoechoic midline mass enveloping the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava (IVC) near the aortic bifurcation. The anterior wall of the aorta appears tethered, and there is associated bilateral hydronephrosis due to ureteral compression. This appearance is most characteristic of?

Scrotum ultrasound reveals a heterogeneous mass within the scrotal sac that demonstrates active peristalsis. What pathology does this description most likely represent?