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Simple distillation is only an effective technique to purify a mixture of liquids if the liquids have very different boiling points. That difference should be greater than

A volatile liquid and water have a difference of 10 degree Celsius in boiling point. What would be the suitable separation technique for a mixture of both substances?

If you were performing this same distillation at a higher elevation for example, at 300 meters above sea level, how do you think the initial boiling point of the mixture in the distillation flask would change?

How did you determine the purity of your compound?

How far should you insert the thermometer into the distillation head?

Which of these funnels would you use in suction filtration?  

The thermometer in a distillation setup should measure the temperature of

At what temperature do you expect the 75 mole percent cyclohexane in water mixture to boil?  

The isolated organic layer will be contaminated by water. How would you get rid of excess water?

The key difference between simple and fractional distillation is the presence of