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Humans can’t digest cellulose, a component of plants, very well. Imagine you developed a mutation in one of your stomach cells and it allowed your cell to start producing cellulase, an enzyme that breaks down cellulose. Every time that cell divides, the mutation is spread to another cell in your stomach and that cell can produce cellulase too. Soon, you can start getting more energy from salads than other people, because you can break down the cellulose.   Which of the following terms describe this type of mutation? Select all correct answers.

If the diploid chromosome number for a species was 4 (as in 4 total chromosomes), how many chromatids would there be in prophase of mitosis? 

What is the difference between purines and pyrimidines?

Polysaccharides are…

Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive disorder. If a male who has the genotype XHY has children with a female who has the genotype XHXh, what proportion OF THEIR SONS will have hemophilia?

To determine the genotypes of all possible offspring that two individuals could produce together, you should use a _________.

In humans and many other animals, ____________ cells have one set of chromosomes.

A species of ornamental fish comes in two colors; red is dominant and blue is recessive.  Maria owns a red fish, but she doesn’t know its genotype.  Therefore, she mates her pet with a blue fish.  Half of the offspring were red and half were blue. The type of cross Maria did in the description above is called a… 

What are the roles of phosphorylation and redox reactions in the Calvin cycle?

The height of a certain type of bush is determined by a gene with incomplete dominance. Homozygous recessive bushes are short and homozygous dominant bushes are tall. What would you expect heterozygous bushes to look like?