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Write a function called f that takes a string fname argument with a fully-qualified file name and returns the contents of the file. Do not interpret/process/transform the contents–just return it as a string.

How many text messages do twelfth grade students send on average on a typical day? You think it is around 20 texts a day, but your friend thinks it is more than that.  You decide to see if there is significant evidence that twelfth grade students send on average more than 20 texts a day.  A random sample of 21 twelfth grade students is taken.  The sample mean is 23.26 with a sample standard deviation of 12.68.  A boxplot of the data does not have strong skewness or outliers.  The hypotheses is as follows: H0: μ = 20 Ha: μ > 20   a. The test statistic is 1.18, what is the p-value? [1]   b. For this significance test, you fail to reject H0 and find no significant evidence that the true mean number of texts sent on a typical day by twelfth graders is greater than 20.  What type of error could you have made? [2]   c. If instead you performed a significance test to see if the true mean number of texts sent a day was different than 20, what level of significance would the 90% confidence interval on the same set of data agree with? [3]  

What is the output of the following program? x = 5def f(x):   y = x + 1    return yf(10)print(y)

Briefly state in English what the following function f computes (returns) if we assume argument A is a sorted list of integers and x is an integer.  My answer has 6 words.  Here’s an example to help you think about the problem: A = [-3, 2, 10, 43, 70, 89, 105]x = 89 def f(A,x):   left = 0    right = len(A)-1    while left A[mid]:            left = mid+1    return -1

Write a function called mid that processes its argument text string s containing three columns separated by commas (and no spaces). It should return the middle column of numbers as a list of integers. Here is a sample input string that contains three lines, and all lines except the last line are terminated with a \n newline character. Assume there is always at least one line. s = “””23,9,1000,28,4253,29,7813″”” # last line doesn’t have \n  

The main idea of the second paragraph is that  

Which of the following is not part of some active regions on the Sun?

However, given that we no longer live in caves and hunt with spears, this ‘best friend’ relationship should be re-examined in light of the many diseases dogs carry and transmit.” The above statement is a statement of

“These formerly pristine regions are rapidly taking on the appearance of overgrown cities, and, in this process, we are destroying these cherished and aesthetic gifts of nature.” An antonym for the word “pristine” is

The main idea of this passage is that