In sweet peas there is a gene for flower color, with the all…

In sweet peas there is a gene for flower color, with the allele for purple flowers (A) dominant over the allele for white flowers (a).  In an isolated population of sweet peas the frequency of the individuals with purple flowers is 0.99, or 99%. If the population is in genetic equilibrium (Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium) for the flower color gene, then the frequency of individuals in the population with genotype AA should be:

After WWI, Britain and France punished and humiliated German…

After WWI, Britain and France punished and humiliated Germany with fines and restrictions, leading to anger and desire for revenge among Germans.  After WWII, the United States did not make this same mistake, but instead spent millions of dollars rebuilding old enemies.  Though this spending was part of a Cold War containment strategy, it also had the effect of creating long-term peace instead of smoldering resentment.     

In the course of this class, we’ve seen two American preside…

In the course of this class, we’ve seen two American presidents – Theodore and Franklin Roosevelt, face terrible setbacks in their lives.  Both responded by surmounting their hardships and turning weakness into strength.  What about Hitler?  Did he face a setback in life?  How did he respond?