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Which of the following substituents is a moderate activator and an o/p director in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions?

The major product(s) in the nitration of benzoic acid is(are)

Bonus question Provide a stepwise synthesis for the following.      he answer should be entered as in the following example: (this is an example!) 1. NaNH2   2. CH3CH2Br   3. H2, Lindlar’s Cat.    4. BH3, THF   5. H2O2, NaOH                          (Keep five spaces between each step) All chemicals and reagents  structures should be correct and with the proper sequence. No partial credit.

Which one of the following is not an intermediate in the acid-catalyzed reaction of benzaldehyde with two equivalents of methanol to give benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal?

Which of the following is the first step in the general mechanism for electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions?

The 13C NMR spectrum of a compound with formula C7H14O shows five signals. Which one of the following is a possible structure for this compound?

Provide the product of the following reaction.    

Of the choices given, where would an aromatic substitution occur on this molecule?

The 1H NMR spectrum of a compound with formula C7H14O shows a singlet at 9.2 ppm. Which one of the following is a possible structure for this compound?

Identify the preferred site(s) of electrophilic attack on the following compound.