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Which Sec-independent secretion system utilizes a needle-like injectosome to transport effectors directly into the host cytosol?

Which of the following is a nonprotein toxin?

Which of the following is a nonprotein toxin?

3a) Why did you choose to take this class?    3b) What have you heard about this class (if anything)?

If you fused Cya adenylate cyclase to a putative T3SS effector protein to determine if it is delivered into the host cell cytosol, what small molecule would you measure?

Which Sec-independent secretion system utilizes a needle-like injectosome to transport effectors directly into the host cytosol?

Some bacterial pathogens express more than one general Sec system.

If you fused Cya adenylate cyclase to a putative T3SS effector protein to determine if it is delivered into the host cell cytosol, what small molecule would you measure?

Which common secretory system exports fully folded proteins that contain cofactors?

I’m a neurotoxin made by a Gram (+), spore-former that blocks neurotransmitter release and causes flaccid (relaxed) paralysis.