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Mr. James, a 60-year-old man, is in the office today with his wife after being referred to a neurologist by his primary care provider. The patient reports having a resting tremor in his right hand and some stiffness in the right area for over a year now. He thought the tremors were related to nerves and would eventually resolve on its’ own. He also doesn’t like going to the doctor and his wife finally convinced him to go. On inspection you notice a pill-rolling movement in his right hand at rest that resolves with active movement of the hand. On further inspection the relative slowness of fine rapid movements of the right hand are noted along with rigidity to the right arm. On the basis of the patient’s history and physical findings, the neurologist diagnosis is early-stage Parkinson’s disease. Answer the following questions based on this case.   1- What are the key neurotransmitter defects in Parkinson and describe the usual role of the neurotransmitter? (2 points) 2- What areas of the brain are affected in Parkinson? (2 points) 3- Describe the symptoms that Mr. James has that are consistent with Parkinson’s disease. What are other symptoms that could occur? (1 point)   

A patient presents with newly diagnosed idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease and is complaining of a hand tremor that goes away when they are sleeping or moving voluntarily. Which of the following is the MOST likely form of tremor this patient is experiencing?

A physical therapist completes an examination on a patient diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease. Results of the examination include good strength in the lower extremities, 10 degrees flexion contracture at the hips, and exaggerated forward head and shoulder posture. The patient has difficulty initiating movement and requires manual assistance for gait on level surfaces. Which of the following activities is the MOST appropriate to incorporate into a home program for this patient?

The definition “when Parkinson-like symptoms occur due to a known cause such as toxicity” BEST describes which of the following conditions?

Which of the following is one of the MAIN contributions to increased fall risk in individuals with idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease?

Which of the following forms of parkinsonism is MOST reversible if the cause of the parkinsonism is determined?

The PRIMARY disturbance in Parkinson’s disease is caused by disruption in the dopamine systems of which part of the brain?

When addressing aerobic capacity in a patient with Parkinson’s Disease, the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Parkinson’s Disease recommend which of the following parameters to BEST support this goal?

In order to qualify for a power wheelchair, the physical therapist must provide sufficient evidence to indicate that the patient is unable to use which of the following mobility devices?

A patient presents to physical therapy with a diagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease. Upon taking their health history, the therapist notes some “red flags” such as intermittent delirium, early-onset of cognitive impairment, and recurring visual hallucinations as described by the patient and their partner. Based on this information, the physical therapist contacts the referring provider due to concern that patient’s symptoms are MOST consistent with which of the following diagnoses?