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A 84 kg male patient is admitted to the hospital due to trauma from a motor vehicle accident. Forty-eight hours post admission, the patient is suffering from ARDS and is intubated with an 8.5 cm ETT. A chest X-ray, done prior to intubation, reveals a ground glass appearance bilaterally. The physician requests the volume-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation (VC-CMV) mode for this patient.  Which of the following are the best initial settings for the ventilator?

Which of the following is NOT a step in the formation of endochondral bone?  

Which of the following is most closely associated with the diencephalon?  


A 190 lb male patient is orally intubated and being ventilated in the Pressure Regulated Volume Control (PRVC) mode with a set tidal volume (VT) of 650 mL. There is 40 mL of mechanical dead space. Calculate the final alveolar ventilation.

In an ECG pattern, the P wave is caused by  


Calculate the inspiratory to expiratory (I:E) ratio for a ventilator that is set to deliver 750 mL at a frequency of 15 breaths/min with a flow rate of 45 L/min.

Two functions of the cell membrane are  


Which of the following helps return blood to the heart?  


A 68-year-old, 5-foot, 10-inch male patient with acute-on-chronic respiratory failure due to COPD has been placed on NIV with these settings: IPAP = 8 cm H2O, EPAP = 4 cm H2O, FIO2 = 0.28. The patient’s measured exhaled volume is 350 mL with a spontaneous respiratory rate of 24 breaths/min. The resulting arterial blood gas values are: pH = 7.27, PaCO2 = 77 mm Hg, PaO2 = 64 mm Hg, SaO2 = 88%, HCO3- = 36 mEq/L. What action should the respiratory therapist take at this time?

The atoms of the isotopes of a particular element vary in the number of