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Checkpoint proteins at the G1, G2, and M phases of the cell cycle monitor whether crucial cellular process have been completed correctly and the cell cycle can proceed. A mutation in a checkpoint protein can lead to cancer by resulting in the checkpoint protein not functioning properly. Which of the following could be a result of the improper functioning of a checkpoint protein in a cancer cell?

If you had a sample organism and wanted to measure its rate of cellular respiration, which of the following methods would provide useful information?

7. Consider the multiple regression model with two regressors X1 and X2, where both variables are determinants of the dependent variable. You first regress Y on X1 only and find no relationship. However, when regressing Y on X1 and X2, the slope coefficient of X1 changes by a large amount. This suggests that your first regression suffers from

8. If you reject a joint null hypothesis using the F-test in a multiple hypothesis setting, then

A restriction enzyme binds to the restriction site shown here, cutting between adjacent thymine and cytosine nucleotides. 5′ ………..TCGCGA………….3′3′ ………..AGCGCT………….5′ Which of the following pairs of sequences indicates the sticky ends that are formed by this restriction enzyme?

10. What is a control variable, and how does it differ from a variable of interest? Why do we need control variables, how do we choose them? Do coefficients on control variables measure causal effects?

8. If you reject a joint null hypothesis using the F-test in a multiple hypothesis setting, then

A restriction enzyme binds to the restriction site shown here, cutting between adjacent thymine and cytosine nucleotides. 5′ ………..TCGCGA………….3′3′ ………..AGCGCT………….5′ Which of the following pairs of sequences indicates the sticky ends that are formed by this restriction enzyme?

12. What are the 3 main assumptions of OLS as expressed in video lectures and in your textbook? For full credit please discuss each in full detail. Can we say that the OLS estimator is BLUE if these thee assumptions hold? Explain why or why not. Discuss what BLUE stands for.

Which coenzyme form of vitamin B12 is needed for synthesis of  Succinyl-CoA from Methymalonyl-CoA?