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Which sympathetic pathway is responsible for activating the esophagus, heart, lungs, and thoracic blood vessels?

The ANS uses pathways that include two-neuron chains to innervate its effector organs.

Which may be involved in an autonomic reflex?

An adult human kidney typically contains ______ renal pyramid(s).

Many different neurons can stimulate an autonomic ganglion cell simultaneously due to

Cortical nephrons have their corpuscles near the _________ edge of the cortex and are the ______ common type of nephron.

  This figure shows a frontal section of the kidney. Which number indicates the renal pelvis?

For the majority of the GI tract, which layer(s) of the wall contain smooth muscle?

  This figure shows the stomach. What structure does number 3 indicate?

 This figure shows an intestinal villus. The structure indicated by number 3 is a