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Kalat and Rozin (1971) proposed the learned safety view of flavor-aversion learning which claims that:

Pigs can be operantly conditioned very quickly to deposit coins in a “piggy bank” for food reinforcement. However, with continued training, the effectiveness of the operant behavior declines as the pigs begin to show more instinctive behavior toward the coins. The change in the pigs’ behavior is an example of:

According to Holland (1983) the occasion-setting properties of a stimulus refers to its ability to:

Which of the following set of statements was most likely made by a depressed person, according to Seligman’s revised theory of helplessness?

In times of disasters, such as hurricanes or earthquakes, looters often rob stores. These looters recognize that it is relatively safe to steal since law enforcement is busy dealing with the disaster. In terms of discrimination training, looters are operating in a:

Bill always listens to the traffic news while driving home on the freeway. One day, he hears that there is a major traffic jam about 5 miles ahead of his current location. According to Tolman’s theory of learning, Bill would:

Joe has begun for many years his daily drive to work by stopping by the local café every morning to grab a cup of coffee. The coffee is not as good as it used to be, but Joe still stops. Which of the following causes Joe to stop by the café?

From the behavior systems approach, differences in learning within and between animal species are due to:

Lashley and Wade proposed that generalization occurs when people:

An individual is more likely to become depressed if it is believed that personal problems are due to _________, _________, _________, factors.